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Reduce AWS Genomics Storage Costs by 95% with FASTQ Compression

How to cut your AWS S3 genomics storage bill by 95%. Compress FASTQ files from 25% (gzip) to 4.5% of original size with 4BIN. Real cost calculations included.

AWS Genomics Storage Is Expensive

If you run a sequencing facility, biobank, or clinical genomics pipeline on AWS, you already know: storage costs add up fast.

A typical whole-genome sequencing run produces 100–300 GB of raw FASTQ data. At scale, organizations accumulate petabytes. And AWS S3 charges $0.023 per GB per month — that's $23,000/month per petabyte of raw data.

Most teams compress with gzip, which brings FASTQ down to ~25% of original size. Better, but still $5,750/month per petabyte of original data. For a mid-size biotech with 5 PB of sequencing archives, that's $345,000/year just in S3 storage fees.

The Fix: Compress FASTQ to 4.5%

Our 4BIN encoder compresses FASTQ files to 4.5% of original size — fully lossless. Every base call, quality score, and read header decompresses to the exact original.

Here's what that looks like on your AWS bill:

Archive Size (Raw) gzip (~25%) 4BIN (4.5%) Annual Savings
100 TB $6,900/yr $1,242/yr $5,658
1 PB $69,000/yr $12,420/yr $56,580
5 PB $345,000/yr $62,100/yr $282,900
10 PB $690,000/yr $124,200/yr $565,800

At 5 PB, switching from gzip to 4BIN saves $282,900 per year. That's real money back in your research budget.

It Also Cuts Egress and Transfer Costs

Smaller files mean less data to move. When you transfer a 200 GB genome between regions, S3-to-S3 transfer at $0.02/GB costs $4.00. At 4.5%, that same genome is 9 GB — costing $0.18.

For pipelines that regularly move data between S3 buckets, regions, or to on-prem compute clusters, the egress savings compound:

Scenario Uncompressed gzip 4BIN
1 genome transfer $4.00 $1.00 $0.18
1,000 genomes/month $4,000 $1,000 $180
Annual egress $48,000 $12,000 $2,160

Works With Your Existing AWS Setup

4BIN integrates via REST API. Your existing pipeline:

  1. Sequencer produces FASTQ → uploaded to S3
  2. New step: Call 4BIN API to compress → store compressed file in S3
  3. When needed, decompress via API → feed into your analysis pipeline

No changes to your downstream tools. BWA, STAR, Salmon, and every other aligner/quantifier sees the exact same FASTQ it always did.

HIPAA and Clinical Data

4BIN compression is fully lossless — the decompressed output is bit-identical to the original. For HIPAA-regulated clinical sequencing data, this means:

  • No data modification or loss during storage
  • Full audit trail via S3 versioning
  • Data stays in your AWS account — our API processes and returns, never stores

Get Started

Sign up for free API access and test on your own FASTQ data. Or contact us for enterprise volume pricing.